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| 2018.MAR.14 : Legendary Physicist Stephen Hawking Dies at 76 |
source-URL : https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/legendary-physicist-stephen-hawking-dies/4298637.html
N A Legendary ˈlɛʤənˌdɛri N Physicist ˈfɪzɪsɪst N Stephen ˈstivən V Hawking ˈhɔkɪŋ NV Dies daɪz N A PSD at æt 76. |
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Legendary Physicist Stephen Hawking Dies at 76.
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N Stephen ˈstivən V Hawking, ˈhɔkɪŋ R D the ðə(ði) N AR SD most moʊst A S famous ˈfeɪməs N physicist ˈfɪzɪsɪst N PSD of ʌv D his hɪz NVA SD time, taɪm VA D has hæz V died daɪd N A PSD at æt R D the ðə(ði) NV SD age eɪʤ N PSD of ʌv 76. |
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Stephen Hawking, the most famous physicist of his time, has died at the age of 76.
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A ə eɪ N A SD family ˈfæməli ˈfæmli N spokesman ˈspoʊksmən VA D said sɛd V Hawking, ˈhɔkɪŋ N SD who hu V was wʌz wɑz N A D British, ˈbrɪtɪʃ V died daɪd R peacefully ˈpisfəli N AR SD early ˈɜrli N AR Wednesday ˈwɛnzdi ˈwɛnzˌdeɪ N A PSD at æt D his hɪz NVAR SD home hoʊm NVAR PSD in ɪn N Cambridge, ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ N England. ˈɪŋglənd |
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A family spokesman said Hawking, who was British, died peacefully early Wednesday at his home in Cambridge, England.
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V Hawking ˈhɔkɪŋ V was wʌz wɑz a ə eɪ A theoretical ˌθiəˈrɛtɪkəl N physicist. ˈfɪzɪsɪst |
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Hawking was a theoretical physicist.
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N A SD He hi V was wʌz wɑz NVA D known noʊn AR D worldwide ˈwɜrlˈdwaɪd JPSD for fɔr NVA D working ˈwɜrkɪŋ NV R PSD to tu V SD explain ɪkˈspleɪn NV subjects ˈsʌbʤɪkts səbˈʤɛkts NVARJPSD like laɪk R D the ðə(ði) N beginnings bɪˈgɪnɪŋz N PSD of ʌv R D the ðə(ði) N SD universe ˈjunəˌvɜrs NV RJ SD and ænd R D the ðə(ði) N complexities kəmˈplɛksɪtiz N PSD of ʌv NVA SD black blæk NV holes. hoʊlz |
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He was known worldwide for working to explain subjects like the beginnings of the universe and the complexities of black holes.
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N A SD He hi V was wʌz wɑz V diagnosed ˌdaɪəgˈnoʊst N R PSD with wɪð wɪθ a ə eɪ NV SD disease dɪˈziz V called kɔld amyotrophic ˌæmaɪəˈtroʊfɪk ˌæmiəˈtroʊfɪk lateral ˈlætərəl sclerosis, skləˈroʊsəs N J SD or ɔr ər N ALS, ælz N A PSD at æt NV SD age eɪʤ 21. |
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He was diagnosed with a disease called amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS, at age 21.
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N A PSD At æt R D the ðə(ði) NVA SD time, taɪm NV doctors ˈdɑktərz V predicted prɪˈdɪktɪd priˈdɪktəd N A SD he hi NV D would wʊd N ARJ SD only ˈoʊnli VAR SD live lɪv laɪv a ə eɪ N A SD few fju N D years. jɪrz jərz |
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At the time, doctors predicted he would only live a few years.
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NV RJPSD But bʌt N A SD he hi V proved pruvd A SD them ðɛm NVAR SD wrong rɔŋ N AR P D by baɪ VA surviving sərˈvaɪvɪŋ JPSD for fɔr NVAR SD more mɔr RJPSD than ðæn 50 N D years jɪrz jərz NVAR SD more mɔr NV RJ SD and ænd V continuing kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ D his hɪz A D scientific ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk NVA SD work. wɜrk |
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But he proved them wrong by surviving for more than 50 years more and continuing his scientific work.
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R D The ðə(ði) NV SD disease dɪˈziz R D eventually ɪˈvɛnʧəwəli NVA SD put pʊt N D him hɪm NVAR PSD in ɪn a ə eɪ wheelchair ˈwilˌʧɛr NV RJ SD and ænd V took tʊk AR SD away əˈweɪ D his hɪz N D ability əˈbɪləti NV R PSD to tu NV SD speak. spik |
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The disease eventually put him in a wheelchair and took away his ability to speak.
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JPSD For fɔr N A SD many ˈmɛni N D years, jɪrz jərz V Hawking ˈhɔkɪŋ V communicated kəmˈjunəˌkeɪtɪd N AR P D by baɪ NV using ˈjuzɪŋ a ə eɪ NV S voice vɔɪs synthesizer. ˈsɪnθəˌsaɪzər |
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For many years, Hawking communicated by using a voice synthesizer.
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NVAR PSD In ɪn D his hɪz 2013 NV S book, bʊk N D "My maɪ NVAR SD Brief brif NV S History, ˈhɪstəri ˈhɪstri " V Hawking ˈhɔkɪŋ V wrote roʊt AR PSD about əˈbaʊt N AR SD first fɜrst NV learning ˈlɜrnɪŋ N PSD of ʌv R D the ðə(ði) N D illness ˈɪlnəs : |
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In his 2013 book, “My Brief History,” Hawking wrote about first learning of the illness:
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"I aɪ NVA D felt fɛlt N A SD it ɪt V was wʌz wɑz AR SD very ˈvɛri VA D unfair ənˈfɛr - N R SD why waɪ NV SD should ʃʊd N AR SD this ðɪs V R SD happen ˈhæpən NV R PSD to tu N D me? mi " N A SD He hi V added ˈædəd ˈædɪd : |
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“I felt it was very unfair - why should this happen to me?” He added:
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N A PSD "At æt R D the ðə(ði) NVA SD time, taɪm I aɪ NV D thought θɔt N D my maɪ N A SD life laɪf V was wʌz wɑz N AR P D over ˈoʊvər NV RJ SD and ænd N ARJ SD that ðæt I aɪ NV D would wʊd R SD never ˈnɛvər V D realize ˈriəˌlaɪz R D the ðə(ði) N A D potential pəˈtɛnʃəl pəˈtɛnʧəl I aɪ NVA D felt fɛlt I aɪ V D had. hæd " |
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“At the time, I thought my life was over and that I would never realize the potential I felt I had.”
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NV RJPSD "But bʌt NVARJ SD now, naʊ 50 N D years jɪrz jərz N AR D later, ˈleɪtər I aɪ NV SD can kæn NV SD be bi R quietly ˈkwaɪətli VA D satisfied ˈsætəˌsfaɪd ˈsætɪˌsfaɪd N R PSD with wɪð wɪθ N D my maɪ N A SD life, laɪf " N A SD he hi V wrote. roʊt |
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“But now, 50 years later, I can be quietly satisfied with my life,” he wrote.
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V Hawking ˈhɔkɪŋ V was wʌz wɑz NVA D one wʌn N PSD of ʌv N Sir sɜr N Isaac ˈaɪzək ˈaɪzɪk Newton's ˈnutənz successors səkˈsɛsərz N RJPSD as æz R D the ðə(ði) Lucasian N S Professor prəˈfɛsər N PSD of ʌv N S Mathematics ˌmæθəˈmætɪks N A PSD at æt N Cambridge ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ N A SD University. ˌjunəˈvɜrsəti |
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ホーキング博士は、ケンブリッジ大学のルーカス教授職としてのアイザック・ニュートンの後継者の一人でした。
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NVAR PSD In ɪn N AR SD this ðɪs N D role, roʊl N A SD he hi V was wʌz wɑz VA D involved ɪnˈvɑlvd NVAR PSD in ɪn R D the ðə(ði) NV SD search sɜrʧ JPSD for fɔr NVA D one wʌn N PSD of ʌv R D the ðə(ði) N AR SD great greɪt NV goals goʊlz N PSD of ʌv NV S physics ˈfɪzɪks - NV R PSD to tu NV SD find faɪnd a ə eɪ VA "unified ˈjunəˌfaɪd N SD theory. ˈθɪri ˈθiəri " |
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In this role, he was involved in the search for one of the great goals of physics - to find a “unified theory.”
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N A SD He hi VA studied ˈstʌdid N Albert ˈælbərt N Einstein's ˈaɪnstaɪnz NVA SD General ˈʤɛnərəl ˈʤɛnrəl N SD Theory ˈθɪri ˈθiəri N PSD of ʌv N Relativity, ˌrɛləˈtɪvəti N A SD which wɪʧ V describes dɪˈskraɪbz R D the ðə(ði) N S movement ˈmuvmənt N PSD of ʌv N AR SD large lɑrʤ NV objects. ˈɑbʤɛkts əbˈʤɛkts |
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He studied Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, which describes the movement of large objects.
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N A SD He hi VA D sought sɔt NV R PSD to tu V SD connect kəˈnɛkt N ARJ SD that ðæt N SD theory ˈθɪri ˈθiəri N R PSD with wɪð wɪθ R D the ðə(ði) N SD Theory ˈθɪri ˈθiəri N PSD of ʌv N A Quantum ˈkwɑntəm ˈkwɑnəm N Mechanics, məˈkænɪks N A SD which wɪʧ NV deals dilz N R PSD with wɪð wɪθ subatomic ˌsʌbəˈtɑmɪk N particles. ˈpɑrtəkəlz ˈpɑrtɪkəlz |
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He sought to connect that theory with the Theory of Quantum Mechanics, which deals with subatomic particles.
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N D "My maɪ NV S goal goʊl NV is ɪz NVA S simple, ˈsɪmpəl " V Hawking ˈhɔkɪŋ N ARJ SD once wʌns VA D said. sɛd |
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“My goal is simple,” Hawking once said.
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N A SD "It ɪt NV is ɪz a ə eɪ VA SD complete kəmˈplit NVA D understanding ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ N PSD of ʌv R D the ðə(ði) N SD universe, ˈjunəˌvɜrs N R SD why waɪ N A SD it ɪt NV is ɪz N RJPSD as æz N A SD it ɪt NV is ɪz NV RJ SD and ænd N R SD why waɪ N A SD it ɪt V exists ɪgˈzɪsts N A PSD at æt N AR SD all. ɔl " |
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“It is a complete understanding of the universe, why it is as it is and why it exists at all.”
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D His hɪz 1988 NV S book bʊk "A ə eɪ NVAR SD Brief brif NV S History ˈhɪstəri ˈhɪstri N PSD of ʌv NVA SD Time" taɪm V became bɪˈkeɪm N A JP D an ən N A SD international ˌɪntərˈnæʃənəl ˌɪnərˈnæʃənəl N bestseller ˈbɛstˈsɛlər ˈbɛˈsɛlər NV RJ SD and ænd V brought brɔt N D him hɪm A D widespread ˈwaɪdˈsprɛd NV D fame. feɪm |
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His 1988 book “A Brief History of Time” became an international bestseller and brought him widespread fame.
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V Hawking ˈhɔkɪŋ V was wʌz wɑz RJ SD also ˈɔlsoʊ VA D recognized ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzd JPSD for fɔr D his hɪz A successful səkˈsɛsfəl NV SD research riˈsɜrʧ ˈrisərʧ NVAR PSD on ɑn(ɔn) NVA SD black blæk NV holes. hoʊlz |
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Hawking was also recognized for his successful research on black holes.
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N A SD He hi V was wʌz wɑz NVA S able ˈeɪbəl NV R PSD to tu V SD prove pruv N ARJ SD that ðæt NVAR SD small smɔl NV amounts əˈmaʊnts N PSD of ʌv N SD radiation ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃən NV D could kʊd NV SD escape ɪˈskeɪp NVA SD black blæk NVA S hole hoʊl A gravitational ˌgrævɪˈteɪʃənəl NV SD pull. pʊl |
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He was able to prove that small amounts of radiation could escape black hole gravitational pull.
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D His hɪz NVA SD work wɜrk NV led lɛd R D the ðə(ði) N D discovery dɪˈskʌvəri NV R PSD to tu V SD become bɪˈkʌm NVA D known noʊn N RJPSD as æz V Hawking ˈhɔkɪŋ N SD radiation. ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃən |
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His work led the discovery to become known as Hawking radiation.
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A ə eɪ NVA SD sign saɪn N PSD of ʌv D his hɪz N AR SD great greɪt N D popularity ˌpɑpjəˈlɛrəti NV P D came keɪm NVAR PSD in ɪn N October ɑkˈtoʊbər 2017, N RJ SD when wɛn N Cambridge ˈkeɪmbrɪʤ NVA SD put pʊt V Hawking's ˈhɔkɪŋz 1966 N D thesis ˈθisəs NVAR PSD on ɑn(ɔn) R D the ðə(ði) N S internet ˈɪntərˌnɛt JPSD for fɔr R D the ðə(ði) N AR SD first fɜrst NVA SD time. taɪm |
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A sign of his great popularity came in October 2017, when Cambridge put Hawking's 1966 thesis on the internet for the first time.
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NV SD Demand dɪˈmænd JPSD for fɔr R D the ðə(ði) N D thesis ˈθisəs V was wʌz wɑz N ARJ SD so soʊ NVAR S high haɪ N ARJ SD that ðæt N A SD it ɪt V caused kɑzd kɔzd R D the ðə(ði) N A SD university's ˌjunəˈvɜrsəti's N D website ˈwɛbˌsaɪt NV R PSD to tu NVA SD go goʊ NVAR PSD down. daʊn |
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Demand for the thesis was so high that it caused the university's website to go down.
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V Hawking ˈhɔkɪŋ VA D said sɛd N belief bɪˈlif NVAR PSD in ɪn a ə eɪ N S God gɑd N SD who hu V intervenes ˌɪntərˈvinz ˌɪnərˈvinz NVAR PSD in ɪn R D the ðə(ði) N SD universe ˈjunəˌvɜrs NV R PSD "to tu NV SD make meɪk N AR SD sure ʃʊr R D the ðə(ði) NVAR SD good gʊd gɪd NV guys gaɪz NV S win wɪn N J SD or ɔr ər NV SD get gɛt gɪt V rewarded rɪˈwɔrdɪd riˈwɔrdəd NVAR PSD in ɪn R D the ðə(ði) N AR PSD next nɛkst N A SD life" laɪf V was wʌz wɑz wishful ˈwɪʃfəl NVA thinking. ˈθɪŋkɪŋ |
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Hawking said belief in a God who intervenes in the universe “to make sure the good guys win or get rewarded in the next life” was wishful thinking.
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NV RJPSD "But bʌt NVA D one wʌn can't kænt NV SD help hɛlp NV asking ˈæskɪŋ R D the ðə(ði) NV SD question ˈkwɛsʧən ˈkwɛʃən : N R SD Why waɪ NV D does dʌz R D the ðə(ði) N SD universe ˈjunəˌvɜrs V SD exist? ɪgˈzɪst " N A SD he hi VA D said sɛd NVAR PSD in ɪn 1991. |
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“But one can't help asking the question: Why does the universe exist?” he said in 1991.
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"I aɪ don't doʊnt doʊn NV SD know noʊ N A JP D an ən A operational ˌɑpəˈreɪʃənəl NVAR SD way weɪ NV R PSD to tu NV SD give gɪv R D the ðə(ði) NV SD question ˈkwɛsʧən ˈkwɛʃən N J SD or ɔr ər R D the ðə(ði) NV S answer, ˈænsər N J SD if ɪf N R SD there ðɛr NV is ɪz NVA D one, wʌn a ə eɪ NVA meaning. ˈminɪŋ NV RJPSD But bʌt N A SD it ɪt NV bothers ˈbɑðərz N D me. mi " |
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“I don't know an operational way to give the question or the answer, if there is one, a meaning. But it bothers me.”
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V Hawking ˈhɔkɪŋ V was wʌz wɑz a ə eɪ N AR SD big bɪg N supporter səˈpɔrtər N PSD of ʌv NVA SD human ˈhjumən ˈjumən NVA SD space speɪs NVA S travel ˈtrævəl NV R PSD to tu R D the ðə(ði) NV S Moon mun NV RJ SD and ænd NV Mars. mɑrz |
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Hawking was a big supporter of human space travel to the Moon and Mars.
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N A SD He hi VA D said sɛd N AR SD such sʌʧ NV missions ˈmɪʃənz NV D would wʊd NV SD help hɛlp NV S unite ˈjuˌnaɪt N D humanity hjuˈmænɪti juˈmænɪti NVAR PSD in ɪn a ə eɪ VA shared ʃɛrd NV SD purpose ˈpɜrpəs N PSD of ʌv NV D spreading ˈsprɛdɪŋ R D the ðə(ði) NVA SD human ˈhjumən ˈjumən NV S race reɪs N R P D beyond bɪˈɑnd NV SD Earth. ɜrθ |
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He said such missions would help unite humanity in a shared purpose of spreading the human race beyond Earth.
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SD "We wi NV D are ɑr NVAR D running ˈrʌnɪŋ NVAR PSD out aʊt N PSD of ʌv NVA SD space speɪs NV RJ SD and ænd R D the ðə(ði) N ARJ SD only ˈoʊnli NV places ˈpleɪsəz ˈpleɪsɪz NV R PSD to tu NVA SD go goʊ NV R PSD to tu NV D are ɑr NVAR SD other ˈʌðər NV worlds. wɜrldz |
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“We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds.
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N A SD It ɪt NV is ɪz NVA SD time taɪm NV R PSD to tu NV SD explore ɪkˈsplɔr NVAR SD other ˈʌðər N A solar ˈsoʊlər N systems. ˈsɪstəmz |
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It is time to explore other solar systems.
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NV D Spreading ˈsprɛdɪŋ NVAR PSD out aʊt NV SD may meɪ NV SD be bi R D the ðə(ði) N ARJ SD only ˈoʊnli N SD thing θɪŋ N ARJ SD that ðæt NV saves seɪvz N A SD us ʌs A PSD from frʌm frɑm ourselves. aʊərˈsɛlvz ɑrˈsɛlvz |
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Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves.
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I aɪ V D am æm VA D convinced kənˈvɪnst N ARJ SD that ðæt NV humans ˈhjumənz ˈjumənz NV SD need nid NV R PSD to tu NV SD leave liv R D the ðə(ði) NV SD Earth, ɜrθ " N A SD he hi VA D said sɛd NVAR SD last læst N SD year. jɪr |
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I am convinced that humans need to leave the Earth,” he said last year.
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I'm aɪm əm N Bryan ˈbraɪən N Lynn. lɪn |
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I'm Bryan Lynn.
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N Bryan ˈbraɪən N Lynn lɪn V wrote roʊt N AR SD this ðɪs NV S story ˈstɔri JPSD for fɔr VOA vi-oʊ-eɪ NV Learning ˈlɜrnɪŋ NVA English, ˈɪŋglɪʃ ˈɪŋlɪʃ |
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Bryan Lynn wrote this story for VOA Learning English,
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VA based beɪst NVAR PSD on ɑn(ɔn) NV reports rɪˈpɔrts A PSD from frʌm frɑm VOA vi-oʊ-eɪ NV S News, nuz njuz R D the ðə(ði) VA Associated əˈsoʊsiˌeɪtəd əˈsoʊʃiˌeɪtəd NVA SD Press prɛs NV RJ SD and ænd N Reuters. ˈrɔɪtərz |
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based on reports from VOA News, the Associated Press and Reuters.
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N Mario ˈmɑrioʊ N Ritter ˈrɪtər V was wʌz wɑz R D the ðə(ði) N editor. ˈɛdətər ˈɛdɪtər |
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Mario Ritter was the editor.
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